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This is due to the fact that various wide-reaching claims are made based on non-ordinary experiences. The terms “non-ordinary experience”, “anomalous experience” or “altered state of consciousness” are used to describe a wide variety of rare experiences that significantly differ from the experience in the ordinary waking state. They represent their objects as being valuable in some sense and aim to realize them by changing the world correspondingly. They include unconscious desires, but only their conscious forms are directly relevant to experience. Other differences include that emotions tend to be caused by specific events, whereas moods often lack a clearly identifiable cause, and that emotions are usually intensive, whereas moods tend to last longer. One core difference is that emotional experiences usually have a very specific object, like the fear of a bear.

As conscious event

The word “experience” shares a common Latin root with the word “experimentation”. This is the case, for example, for the experience of thinking or the experience of dreaming. This is closely related to the role of experience in science, in which experience is said to act as a neutral arbiter between competing theories. They play a central role in the experience of agency, in which intentions are formed, courses of action are planned, and decisions are taken and realized. Moods are similar to emotions, with one key difference being that they lack a specific object found in emotions. It is closely related to emotional experience, which has additionally evaluative, physiological and behavioral components.

Seeing a yellow bird on a branch, for example, presents the subject with the objects “bird” and “branch”, the relation between them and the property “yellow”. It usually refers to the experience a particular individual has, but it can also take the meaning of the experience had by a group of individuals, for example, of a nation, of a social class or during a particular historical epoch. In psychology, some theorists hold that all concepts are learned from experience while others argue that some concepts are innate.